Predicting the Influence of Network Structure on Trust in Knowledge Communities: Addressing the Interconnectedness of Four Network Principles and Trust

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to explore the emergence of trusting relationships within Communities of Practice. It has been argued that trust can be viewed as an organizing principle (McEvily, Perrone, and Zaheer, 2003). However, the focus of this paper is on the view that trust is an essential pre‑condition for the sharing of knowledge. The goal of the paper is to discuss possible connections between social networking principles, network structure, and trust within Communities of Practice. This paper will define and subsequently analyze the concept of trust and develop arguments relating to the existence and strength of trusting relationships within Communities of Practice. The theoretical arguments propose relationships between the characteristics of trusting relationships and four network characteristics: homophily; closure; brokerage; and the small‑world problem. The general research question that underpins this paper is: To what extent do network principles determine the level of trust among members within a social network (i.e. a Community of Practice)? The analysis focuses on a specific type of social network which has been termed a Community of Practice. Communities of Practice have been argued to be critical elements in the creation, refinement and sharing of knowledge (Dugid, 2005; Wenger, 1998; Wenger, McDermott, and Snyder, 2002).