Foresight Study on the Influence of ChatGPT In Peruvian Universities Towards 2033

Abstract

This article investigates how the integration of ChatGPT could transform Peruvian universities by 2033. Twenty drivers were identified, including digital competencies, critical thinking, academic performance, and motivation. Using a foresight approach, possible future scenarios were generated. The methodology consists of four stages: (1) Exploration of the system to identify key drivers; (2) Validation of the information by applying the Delphi method in real time to confirm these drivers; (3) Construction of scenarios using Schwartz axes and structural analysis; and (4) Validation of scenarios using the Probability, Desirability and Governance (PDG) method. The analysis revealed that the most important and uncertain drivers are related to 'training in critical thinking, feedback through intelligent tutoring, and the development of technological infrastructure,' located in Schwartz's Quadrant III. These drivers are crucial to building four scenarios, including the target scenario dubbed "Overcoming Challenges with Innovation and Technology".