Editorial on the Special Issue on Extended Realities 2025: The Long Road to Unlocking Alluring Treasures

Abstract

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are increasingly integrated into education across diverse contexts, from primary schools to higher education and vocational training. The collection associated with this editorial provides insights from eleven recent studies on VR/AR-enhanced learning, including systematic reviews, experimental designs, and case studies in resource-constrained environments. The articles in the collection have been organized into three key clusters of research: (1) reviews and taxonomies that attempt to structure the rapidly evolving field, (2) empirical studies in higher education testing immersive and collaborative platforms, and (3) practice-oriented case studies that apply AR in trades and indigenous communities. While the findings of the articles highlight significant potential for motivation, collaboration, and inclusivity, issues such as methodological fragmentation, small sample sizes, and cost barriers remain persistent challenges in conducting VR/AR experiments. We argue that future work must move beyond isolated case studies toward integrated curricula, inclusive frameworks, and cost-effective solutions to ensure that VR and AR become sustainable, reliable tools in education.